What teaching should a nurse provide to parents of a child with Pediculosis humanus (lice)?

When addressing pediculosis humanus (lice), it is essential for parents to understand that one of the most effective ways to prevent reinfestation and spread is through proper hygiene and cleanliness of the child's living environment. Washing bed linens in hot water is crucial because lice can survive off a host for a short period. Hot water effectively kills lice and their eggs, which helps eliminate any potential sources of reinfestation.

Regularly washing bedding not only removes lice but also ensures that any nits (eggs) that may be present are also destroyed, decreasing the likelihood of the infestation recurring. This action, combined with appropriate treatment for the lice itself, significantly reduces the chances of the child becoming infested again or transmitting lice to others.

In contrast, shaving the child's head, while sometimes considered, is not a necessary or effective method, as lice can be managed through proper treatment and cleaning. Limiting outdoor activities does not address the root cause of lice spread and can be inconvenient and unnecessary. The use of over-the-counter cold medicine is unrelated to the treatment or prevention of lice and would not provide any benefit in this situation. Therefore, washing bed linens in hot water is a crucial and effective part of lice management.