Which of the following are signs of fluid overload?

Fluid overload occurs when the body retains more fluid than it needs, leading to various physiological problems. Signs of fluid overload typically include symptoms related to the excess fluid in the body. In this case, edema, hypertension, and shortness of breath are all indicative of fluid overload.

Edema refers to swelling that occurs when excess fluid accumulates in the tissues, which can be clearly observed in areas such as the legs, ankles, or abdomen. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, can result from the increased volume of blood and fluid in the circulatory system, putting pressure on blood vessel walls. Shortness of breath can arise as fluid overload leads to congestion in the lungs, hampering proper respiratory function and making it difficult to breathe comfortably.

The other options describe symptoms that are not characteristic of fluid overload. Dry skin, fatigue, and dizziness are often associated with dehydration rather than fluid retention. Rapid weight loss, chills, and anxiety suggest a different set of issues, likely related to dehydration or acute illness. Similarly, increased body temperature and thirst are typically signs of dehydration as the body signals a need for more fluids to restore balance. Thus, the correct choice clearly aligns with the clinical signs associated with fluid overload.